Walk down Koon Seng Road in Singapore, and you’ll find yourself enchanted by rows of colourful shophouses. These façades are more than just architectural eye candy — they are a tapestry of Singapore’s multicultural past, blending influences from Chinese, Malay, Indian, and European styles into something uniquely local.

Traditionally, shophouses were built to serve both as business spaces and homes for merchants and their families. While trade and business took place at the front and ground floors, be it a bakery or sundry store, the upper levels were living quarters. This clever dual-purpose design reflected the entrepreneurial spirit of early Singapore.

As Singapore grew, so did the styles of its shophouses. Each era left its own mark — from the humble simplicity of early structures to the decorative flair of later years.

Early Shophouse Style (1840s–1900s)

Characterised by minimal ornamentation and design, they were the earliest version, often made of timber and brick.

First Transitional Shophouse Style (Early 1900s)

A step towards sophistication, this style saw more elaborate plasterwork and decoration. They are also taller in size, hinting at an increase of prosperity and skilled labour.

Late Shophouse Style (1900s–1940s)

Known for its ornate facades, colourful tiles, and Peranakan influences, it has become a favourite among heritage enthusiasts today.

Second Transitional Shophouse Style (Late 1930s)

Here we begin to see simpler designs and cutting down of decorations as a response to the economic situation at the time.

Art Deco Shophouse Style (1930s–1960s)

Strong geometric shapes, bold curves, and elegant motifs defined this modern yet graceful style — a visual reflection of the optimism of the era.

Modern Shophouse Style (1950s–1960s)

Functionality took the main stage, with cleaner forms and minimal decoration. Yet, these shophouses still carry the charm of their predecessors.

Many of these shophouses remain well-preserved today, standing proudly as a reflection of Singapore’s cultural tapestry. Some have now turned into house cafés, boutiques, and creative spaces that breathe new life into them. They remind us that heritage isn’t something frozen in time — it’s something we live with, celebrate, and pass on.